2021年6月浙江卷
A
Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life-his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career(职业)in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until1980-32 years into his career-that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might he just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
21. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies.
B. He was eager to earn money.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle.
D. He felt he was good at acting.
22. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies.
B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D. He became a successful comedy actor.
23. What does Nielsen's career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short.
B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It's never too late to learn.
D. Where there's a will there's a way.
B
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen--any screen --and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature". He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference," David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: "We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
24. What is the problem with the author's children?
A. They often annoy the neighbours.
B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with
D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
25. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film.
B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media.
D. By creating a network of friends.
26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2 ?
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun
B. Young Children Need More Free Tire
C. Market Nature to Children
D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
C
If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images(图像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. "We can rule out that the doge simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth," said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions," Muller told Line Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. "To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions," and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.
28. The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.
A. distinguish shapes
B. make sense of human faces
C. feel happy or angry
D. communicate with each other
29. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?
A. Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B. Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C. Pictures used in the two stages were different
D. The dogs were photographed before the lest.
30. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. A suggestion for future studies.
B. A possible reason for the study findings.
C. A major limitation of the study
D. An explanation of the research method.
2020年全国I卷
A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located (位于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days, i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visittranslink.com.au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart | Origin | Destination | Arrive |
6:42pm | Altandi | Varsity Lakes | 7:37pm |
7:29pm | Central | Varsity Lakes | 8:52pm |
8:57pm | Fortitude Valley | Varsity Lakes | 9:52pm |
11:02pm | Roma Street | Varsity Lakes | 12:22am |
21. What would you do to get ticketinformation?
A. Call 13 16 17.B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local station.D. check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi.B. Roma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from central to Varsity Lakes?
A.6:42 pm.B.7:29 pm.C.8:57 pm.D.11:02 pm.
B
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
24. Why does the author like rereading?
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
B. It’s a window to a whole new world.
C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas?
A. It’s a brief account of a trip.
B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
C. It’s a record of a historic event.
D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
26. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
27. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor.
C. He’s very ambitious. D. He teaches reading.
C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem state university in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. according to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. according to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
29. What advantage does race walking have over running?
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
30 What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A. Getting experts’ opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
A. Skeptical.B. Objective.
C. Tolerant.D. Conservative.
D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of technology (MIT) have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) —such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输) .
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
2020年全国II卷
A
The Lake district Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).
House：11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A.09.30—17.30. B.10.30—16.00. C. 11.15—16.00. D.12.00—16.30
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works.
B. Have some interactive fun.
C. attend a famous festival.
D. Learn the history of a family
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the university of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
24. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A. Building confidence. B. Developing spatial skills.
C. Learning self-control. D. Gaining high-tech knowledge.
25.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment?
A. Parents’ age. B. Children’s imagination.
C. Parents’ education. D. Child-parent relationship.
26. How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
A. They play with puzzles more often.
B. They tend to talk less during the game.
C. They prefer to use more spatial language.
D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. A mathematical method. B. A scientific study.
C. A woman psychologist D. A teaching program.
C
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us." says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says，“To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
A. To promote guilt-free fur.
B. To expand the fashion market.
C. To introduce a new brand.
D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
29. Why are scientists concerned about nutria?
A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
31. What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?
A. It’s formal.B. It’s risky.C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditional.
D
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
2020年全国Ⅲ卷
A
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best- preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain (15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes (21 days)
Discover the China of“past ages," its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.C. Van Gogh's paintings. D. Greek buildings
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about?
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
23. Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour?
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
B
When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat- wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind“Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet “Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year,. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part I” and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?
A. To see famous film stars.
B. To oppose wearing fur coats.
C. To raise money for animal protection.
D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The cost of making“Apes." B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about“Apes." D. The performance of real apes.
26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A.They may be badly treated. B. They should take further training.
C.They could be traded illegally D. They would lose popularity.
C
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation (孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
"We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.
"And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.
"It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world, where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married.
28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn. D. The daughters.
29. What is Nick's attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in-law?
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
30. What is the author's statement about multigenerational family based on?
A. Family traditions. B. financial reports.
C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. Lifestyles in different countries.
B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain.
D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
D
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land," said Redney C. Jubilado, a university of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin.
D. Significance of food selection.
33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?
A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.
34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A. They could walk on stilts all day.
B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater.
D. They lived on both land and water.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B. Highlanders' Survival Skills
C. basic Methods of Genetic Research
D. The World's Best Divers
2020年浙江卷
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题：每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家)hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility(多面性)of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
21. What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?
A. He has written dozens of plays. B. He has a deep love for the theater.
C. He is a professional stage actor. D. He likes reading short plays to others.
22. What does the author avoid doing in his work?
A. Stating the plays’ central ideas. B. Selecting works by famous playwrights.
C. including various types of plays. D. Offering information on the playwrights.
23. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays?
A. control their feelings. B. apply their acting skills.
C. Use their imagination. D. Keep their audience in mind.
24. What is this text?
A. A short story. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A play review. D. An advertisement for a theater.
B
The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally don’ t flash the same length of green twice in a row, especially at rush hour. At 9：30 am, the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9：33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9：37 am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.
That is by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city, just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US：intersection(十字路口) signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.
“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed,” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.
For all of Bellevue’ s success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M university transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “It’s not going to fix everything, but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities,” he says.
In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transportation Department’s traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.
25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Increased length of green lights. B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C. Flexible timing of traffic signals. D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.
26. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?
A. They work better on broad roads.
B. They should be used in other cities.
C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.
D. They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.
27. What can we learn from Bellevue’ s success?
A. It is rewarding to try new things. B. The old methods still work today.
C. It pays to put theory into practice. D. The simplest way is the best way.
C
Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the university of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知)function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work — sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”
It’s not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’ s job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调),” she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries.”
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons — including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.
28. Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?
A. To assess their health status. B. To evaluate their work habits.
C. To analyze their personality. D. To measure their mental ability.
29. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?
A. By using an expert’s words. B. By making a comparison.
C. By referring to another study. D. By introducing a concept.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C. Your tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D. Cognitive function May Decline As You Age
答案解析：
2021年6月浙江卷
A
21. C。根据第一段第二句“The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.”可知，叔叔赢得的钦佩和尊敬激发了尼尔森在演艺界谋生的愿望。因此，他想成为一名演员是因为他想像叔叔一样。
22. D。根据第二段最后一句“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.”可知，这部电影引导他进入了职业生涯的第二个阶段，在这个阶段，仅凭他的喜剧天赋就能使一部电影取得经济上的成功，即使电影评论家不会给它很高的评价。因此，他在职业生涯的第二个阶段成为了一名成功的喜剧演员。
23. D。根据最后一段最后两句“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.”可知，他凭借简单的老式努力和决心建立了巨大成功的职业生涯。他告诉我们，即使一个单一的愿望，只要不放弃，就能过上非凡的生活。因此，尼尔森的职业生涯故事告诉我们“有志者事竟成”。故选D。
B
24. D。根据第一段最后两句“They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.”可知，作者的孩子并不是唯一有这个问题的人。今天的孩子们平均每天花四个半小时看屏幕，其中一部分时间用于看电视，另一部分时间用于上网。因此，作者的孩子的问题是他们在屏幕前待的时间太长了。
25. A。根据第二段第五句“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.”和第六句“The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network...”可知，David Bond 通过记录自己的旅程，将自然视为一个品牌来推销给年轻人，最终制作了一部名为《Project Wild Thing》的纪录片，记录了野性网络组织的诞生。因此，他是通过制作纪录片来倡导他的想法的。
26. A。根据第二段最后一句“The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network...”可知，这部影片记录了野性网络组织的诞生。因此，charts在这里的意思是“记录”，与records同义。
27. C。整篇文章讲述了David Bond 通过制作纪录片《Project Wild Thing》来推广自然，鼓励孩子们走出户外，与自然接触。因此，一个合适的标题应该是“向孩子们推销自然”。故选C。
C
28. B。根据第一段最后一句“Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study”可知，一项新的研究表明，狗可能确实能够区分快乐和愤怒的人类面孔。因此，这项新研究关注的是狗是否能够理解人类的面孔。
29. C。根据第二段第四句“The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training.”可知，研究人员在测试阶段使用了与训练阶段完全不同的图像来展示人物脸部的另一半。因此，我们可以得知两个阶段使用的图片是不同的。
30. B。最后一段主要讲述了为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。Muller认为最可能的解释是，这种能力的基础在于它们与人类生活在一起，这使它们有很多机会接触人类的面部表情，而这种接触为它们提供了很多机会来学习区分不同的表情。因此，最后一段主要是关于研究发现的可能原因。
2020年全国I卷
A
21. C. 根据Train Information部分的第二句话"For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30."可知，要获取车票信息，可以在当地车站询问或拨打13 12 30。因此，选项C是正确的。
22. B.根据Lost property部分的第三句话"The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station."可知，失物招领办公室位于罗马街车站。因此，选项B是正确的。
23. B.根据Guardian trains (outbound)部分的第二行信息，从Central出发到Varsity Lakes的火车是7:29 pm发车。因此，选项B是正确的。
B
24. D. 根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句话"It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight."以及第三段的内容，作者提到重读的美丽在于与作品的联系基于我们当前的思想状态，这表明重读可以帮助我们更好地理解自己。因此，选项D是正确的。
25. B. 根据第三段中对《A Moveable Feast》的描述，"it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating, an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time."可知，这本书是海明威对20世纪20年代巴黎生活的回忆录，是他在老年时回顾自己年轻时的生活。因此，选项B是正确的。
26. B. 根据上下文，作者提到重读一个作者的作品是读者能支付给他们的最高"currency"，在这里"currency"指的是一种价值或回报，而不是债务、津贴或面值。因此，选项B是正确的。
27. A. 根据第三段提到的作者每年重读的三本书之一是"Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar."可知，作者喜欢诗歌。其他选项没有在文中提及或暗示。因此，选项A是正确的。
C
28. C. 根据第二段的内容，尤其是提到了竞走运动员在比赛时必须遵守的规则："a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times."这表明竞走运动员需要遵循特殊的规则。因此，选项C是正确的。
29. D. 根据第四段的内容，尤其是提到了竞走与跑步相比，对身体的冲击较小，而且像跑步者膝这样的伤害在竞走运动员中不常见。因此，选项D是正确的。
30. A. 据最后一段的建议，"anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique"可知，Norberg博士建议想要尝试竞走的人应该首先咨询教练或有经验的运动员来学习正确的技巧。因此，选项A是正确的。
31. B. 整篇文章中，作者提供了关于竞走的利弊的信息，没有表现出偏见或强烈的个人情感，而是以一种客观的方式介绍了竞走这项运动。因此，选项B是正确的。
D
32. D. 第一段主要讲述了人们与植物之间的关系，并通过两个研究例子来说明绿色植物带来的积极影响，即减少犯罪和提高工作效率。因此，选项D是正确的。
33. A. 根据第二段的内容，MIT的工程师们在植物叶子上打印了传感器，这些传感器可以显示植物何时缺水。因此，选项A是正确的。
34. C. 根据最后两段的内容，发光植物未来可能用于照明，从而减少能源的传输损失，帮助节约能源。因此，选项C是正确的。
35. C. 整篇文章讨论了MIT工程师们如何通过改变植物的组成使其发光，并探讨了这种技术未来可能的应用，如替代路灯。因此，选项C最能概括文章的主要内容，是最佳标题。
2020年全国II卷
A
21. C. 11.15—16.00.
解析：根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens部分中的开放时间信息，7月份属于3月29日至10月29日之间，因此周日房子的开放时间是11:15至16:00。
22. A. Enjoy Ronney’s works.
解析：根据Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum部分中的描述，永久藏品中包括Romneys的作品，所以游客可以欣赏Romney的作品。
23. D. Grasmere.
解析：根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum部分中的描述，这里是探索William Wordsworth的生活的地方，位于Grasmere。
B
24. B. Developing spatial skills.
解析：根据第二段中的描述，Susan Levine发现2到4岁之间玩拼图的孩子后来会发展出更好的空间技能。因此，孩子们从拼图游戏中受益的方面是发展空间技能。
25. C. Parents' education.
解析：根据第三段中的描述，研究人员在分析数据时控制了父母收入、教育程度和家长交流量的差异，这意味着Levine在设计实验时考虑了父母的教育程度。
26. D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
解析：根据最后一段中的描述，男孩倾向于玩更复杂的拼图游戏，而女孩则不是。因此，男孩和女孩在拼图游戏中的区别是男孩可能玩更难的拼图。
27. B. A scientific study.
解析：整篇文章主要讲述了一项科学研究，即Susan Levine关于拼图游戏对孩子空间技能发展影响的研究。因此，文本主要关于一项科学研究的发现。
C
28. A. To promote guilt-free fur.
解析：根据第二段中的描述，这些时装秀是为了展示用海狸鼠皮毛制成的不同风格的衣服，并且提到“除非你明白海狸鼠每年都在破坏广阔的湿地，否则谈论无罪恶感的皮草听起来很疯狂”。因此，这些时装秀的目的是为了推广无罪恶感的皮草。
29. A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
解析：根据第四段中的描述，科学家们担心海狸鼠是因为它们正在严重破坏生态系统。Michael Massimi说：“那里的生态系统无法处理这种非本地物种。它在破坏环境。要么是它们，要么是我们。”
30. D. Crashed.
解析：根据第五段中的描述，皮草贸易曾经控制了海狸鼠的数量几十年，但是当市场上对海狸鼠皮草的需求崩溃后，这些猫大小的动物数量疯狂增长。这里的"collapsed"意味着市场需求突然下降，因此与"Crashed"同义。
31. B. It’s risky.
解析：根据最后一段中Morgan的话，她提到“给人们一个无罪恶感的选项，他们可以穿着它而不用担心有人向他们扔油漆——我认为这将会是一件大事，至少在这里纽约。”这表明在纽约穿皮草是有风险的，可能会遭到反对皮草人士的抗议。
D
32. C. Inseparable.
解析：根据第一段中的描述，作者从小就对书籍有着浓厚的兴趣，有时候一天能读三本书。故事对她来说就像空气一样重要，她通过从图书馆借阅的书籍来体验冒险。这表明作者与书籍的关系是密不可分的。
33. B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
解析：第三段中提到的"an added meaning"指的是作者成为母亲后，图书馆在她生活中的新地位和增加的意义。她带着孩子们去图书馆，让他们挑选书籍，这表明阅读的乐趣在她的家庭中传承下来。
34. C. Support libraries.
解析：根据最后一段中的描述，作者呼吁其他作家在有能力的时候以重要的方式支持图书馆，鼓励读者使用图书馆，在社交媒体上分享图书馆的消息，经常光顾图书馆并在可能的时候谈论它们。这表明作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆。
35. D. My Love of the Library
解析：整篇文章讲述了作者从小到大对图书馆的热爱，以及图书馆在她生活中的重要性。因此，"My Love of the Library"是最适合作为文章标题的选项。其他选项虽然与文章内容有关，但不如"D"选项全面涵盖文章的主题。
2020年全国Ⅲ卷
A
21. A. Historical monuments.
解析：从Classical Provence部分的描述中，我们可以看到“some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world”，说明有历史遗迹。在Southern Spain部分，描述中提到了“a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs”，同样提到了历史遗迹。因此，游客在Classical Provence和Southern Spain都可以看到历史遗迹。
22. C. China.
解析：根据China's Sacred Landscapes部分的描述，“Discover the China of‘past ages’”表明Prof. Robert Thorp对中国非常了解。
23. B. Underground cities.
解析：在Tunisia部分的描述中提到了“unique for underground cities”，突出了突尼斯之旅的特色是地下城市。其他选项如White towns, Tile-roofed villages和Rolling hills分别在Southern Spain, Classical Provence和China's Sacred Landscapes部分被提及，与突尼斯之旅无关。
B
24. D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.
解析：根据第一段最后一句，“one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: 'Thanks for not using real apes!'”可以推断出，动物保护活动家聚集在好莱坞大道上是为了向没有使用真实猿类的电影制作者表示感谢。
25. B. The creation of digitalized apes.
解析：第二段主要讲述了《人猿星球》的创意团队如何使用动作捕捉技术来创造数字化动物，因此这一段主要谈论的是数字化猿的创造过程。
26. D. Watching carefully.
解析：第三段中提到的非营利组织正在监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇，"keeping tabs on"这个短语在这里的意思是“密切关注”，与选项D "Watching carefully"相符。
27. A. They may be badly treated.
解析：最后一段提到，引起活动家担忧的不仅仅是拍摄现场动物的待遇，还有场外训练和生活条件，这表明动物演员可能会遭到不好的对待。选项A "They may be badly treated"与这一推断相符。其他选项没有在文中得到直接或间接的支持。
C
28. B. Rita.
解析：根据第三段中的描述，“Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可以得知，Rita主要使用布里斯托尔维多利亚式房子的底层。
29. A. Positive.
解析：从第五段中Nick的话，“And what does Nick think? 'From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.'”可以看出，Nick对于与岳母共享房屋持积极态度。
30. C. Published statistics.
解析：第六段中提到，“It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.”这表明，作者关于多代家庭的说法是基于已发布的统计数据。
31. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
解析：整篇文章都在讨论多代同堂在英国的上升趋势，包括不同家庭如何选择共同生活以及这种生活方式的增长情况。因此，文章主要是关于英国生活方式的上升趋势。选项D "A rising trend of living in the UK"最符合文章的主旨。
D
32. B. New knowledge of human evolution.
解析：第一段通过举例说明，人类不仅是在数十亿年前的进化产物，科学家们在我们的基因中发现了过去几千年人类进化的例子。这些例子是为了告诉我们关于人类进化的新知识。
33. D. Off the coast.
解析：第二段中提到，“in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.”这表明Bajau人在沿海水域的支柱上建造房屋，即沿海地区。
34. C. They could stay long underwater.
解析：第三段中Dr. Jubilado提到，“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders...”这表明Jubilado对Bajau人能在水下停留更长时间感到惊讶。
35. A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
解析：整篇文章讲述了Bajau人如何通过进化适应海洋生活，包括他们能够在水下停留更长时间的身体特征。因此，"Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea"是一个合适的标题，它概括了文章的主要内容。其他选项要么太具体，要么没有涵盖文章的中心主题。
2020年浙江卷
A
21. B解析：根据第一段中的"I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others."可知，作者是一个积极的戏剧观众和剧本读者，他编辑这本书最好的理由可能是希望与他人分享他对戏剧的热情。因此，选项B "He has a deep love for the theater."与原文信息相符。
22. A解析：根据第二段中的"It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright."可知，作者无意指出这个剧本集中每个剧本的中心主题，因为这样做确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考剧本以及剧作家有效性的乐趣。因此，选项A "Stating the plays’ central ideas."与原文信息相符。
23. C解析：根据最后一段中的"To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience."可知，为了最大限度地从阅读这些剧本中获得乐趣，应该尝试在舞台上想象这部戏剧，自己是观众中的一员。因此，选项C "Use their imagination."与原文信息相符。
24. B解析：根据整篇文章的内容，作者在介绍他编辑的一本书，包括他选择剧本的标准、剧本的类型、剧作家的信息，以及如何阅读这些剧本的建议。因此，这篇文章是一本书的引言。选项B "An introduction to a book."与原文内容相符。
B
25. C解析：第二段中划线单词"that"指的是第一段中提到的交通信号灯的时间变化，即交通信号灯的时间是灵活变化的，不会连续两次闪现相同长度的绿灯。因此，选项C "Flexible timing of traffic signals."与原文内容相符。
26. D解析：根据第四段中Kevin Balke的话：“while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference.”可知，虽然智能信号灯对一些城市特别有益，但其他城市交通拥堵严重，只有大幅减少路上的汽车数量，才会带来有意义的变化。因此，选项D "They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed."与原文内容相符。
27. A解析：根据最后一段中的“In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.”可知，贝尔维尤转而使用自适应信号灯是一个欢迎新方法的教训。这表明尝试新事物是有益的。因此，选项A "It is rewarding to try new things."与原文内容相符。
C
28. D解析：根据第二段中的“Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests.”可知，科学家们让志愿者接受一系列测试是为了评估他们的记忆和思考技能。因此，选项D "To measure their mental ability."与原文内容相符。
29. B解析：第四段中Francisca Then用跑步后感到疼痛和疲惫来比喻长时间工作后的感觉，但她指出这种挑战可以帮助大脑保持健康，这是通过比较来解释她的发现。因此，选项B "By making a comparison."与原文内容相符。
30. C解析：文章的主要内容是关于具有挑战性的工作如何帮助大脑保持敏锐，即使在退休后也能减缓认知功能的下降。选项C "Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp"最能概括文章的主题，因此是最佳标题。
