Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Emulating your conversation partner³s actions is a common human behavior classified as “mirroring”and has been known and studied by psychologists for years.We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of people we like.But why do we act like this?
As a rule,mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that there's a certain level of agreement between them.The topic of discussion is equally interesting for both and they know their interests meet.
Repeating someone's behavior is typical of talented communicators,not always because the person is sympathetic,but because there is a goal to be achieved.This way new idols have been brought to the stage:politicians,celebrities,and other big names.Popular culture makes people want to look popular,and act and speak like popular people.
Nowadays celebrities steal lyrics from each other and struggle with copyright violation accusations or straightforwardly claim themselves to be the authors,even though all the work was done by other people.
Among celebrities,it's trendy nowadays to use their own speech writers as politicians do.The so-called“ghostwriting”can take various forms:books,articles,autobiographies,and even social media posts.
Who is a true copycat(抄袭者)and who gets copycatted?Sometimes,it is a hard nut to crack without an expert's help.But new authorship defending methods based on identifying individual writing patterns are already here.Their aim is to protect intellectual property.Using scientific methods,some of them can define authorship with 85% accuracy.
Writing is not an easy craft to master.If you want to write like a professional without plagiarism (抄袭),there are a few lessons to learn and the first one is:“Copy from one,it's plagiarism;copy from two,it's research.”The correct interpretation of this statement is not about copying,but rather about creating your own style.When you study an author's writing style,don't stop on a single one, but explore numerous styles instead.Examine types of sentences they use,pay attention to their metaphors,and focus on stories you feel you could write a pretty cool sequel(续篇)to.
Imitation is rather paradoxical.As an integral part of learning,it brings about positive changes,making people develop and grow.However,it may do a lot of harm.Copying someone's thoughts,ideas or inventions is completely unacceptable.It infringes on intellectual property rights of others.
Still,many things we do are about copying others one way or another.So if you want to compliment someone on the work they have done and imitate it,just make sure you do it the right way to avoid committing plagiarism.
51.What do people tend to do while engaging in a conversation?
A)Repeat what their partners say one way or another.
B)Focus as much as possible on topics of mutual interest.
C)Imitate their partners' gestures without their knowing it.
D)Observe carefully how their partners make use of gestures.
52.When does mirroring usually take place in a conversation?
A)When both sides are sympathetic with each other.
B)When both sides have a lot of things in common.
C)When both sides make interesting contributions.
D)When both sides try to seek common ground.
53.What do we learn about popular culture?
A)It encourages people to imitate.
B)It appeals mostly to big names.
C)It acquaints young people with their idols.
D)It can change people's mode of cognition.
54.Why is the saying“copy from two,it's research”a lesson to learn?
A)It facilitates the creation of one's own writing style.
B)It helps to protect one's intellectual property rights.
C)It fosters correct interpretation of professional writing.
D)It enables one to write intriguing sequels to famous stories.
55.Why does the author say imitation is rather paradoxical?
A)It is liable to different interpretations.
B)It is by and large a necessary evil.
C)It can give rise to endless disputes.
D)It may do harm as well as good.
答案解析 ：
由题干中的关键词“people tend to do while engaging in a conversation”定位到首段，首段提到“We all tend to subconsciously copy gestures of people we like.”，即人们在交谈中倾向于无意识地模仿他们喜欢的人的姿势，所以选C。
由题干中的关键词“mirroring usually take place”定位到第二段，第二段提到“mirroring means that conversationalists enjoy their communication and that there's a certain level of agreement between them.”，可知，镜像模仿意味着谈话双方在一定程度上意见一致，对谈论的话题同样感兴趣且趣味相投，选项B“当双方有许多共同之处时”最符合，所以选B。
由题干中的关键词“popular culture”定位到第三段，该段提到“Popular culture makes people want to look popular, and act and speak like popular people.”，即流行文化促使人们模仿受欢迎的人的行为和言语，所以选A。
由题干中的关键词“copy from two, it's research”定位到倒数第三段，该段提到“The correct interpretation of this statement is not about copying, but rather about creating your own style.”，即这句谚语的正确解读是关于创造自己的风格，而不是抄袭，所以选A。
由题干中的关键词“imitation is rather paradoxical”定位到倒数第二段，该段提到“Imitation is rather paradoxical. As an integral part of learning, it brings about positive changes... However, it may do a lot of harm.”，即模仿是矛盾的，它既有积极的一面，也可能带来危害，所以选D。
