Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating and cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an “urgent call to action.”“One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31 ,”he said.
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.
But the problem is not limited 34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel(柴油) 35 have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.
A) ability K) regularly
B) associated L) relates
C) consciously M) sources
D) constant N) undermine
E) control O) vehicles
F) damage
G) described
H) equals
I) exclusively
J) innovated
答案解析：
26. 根据“Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious...”，可知此处指空气污染对全球经济造成福利成本损失，最严重的“损害”发生在发展中国家，所以选F(damage)。
27. 根据“The figures include a number of costs...with air pollution.”，可知这些数字包括与空气污染“相关”的许多成本，所以选B(associated)。
28. 根据“Indoor pollution, which includes...like home heating and cooking”，可知室内污染包括像家庭供暖和烹饪这样的“来源”，所以选M(sources)。
29. 根据“has remained...over the past several decades despite advances in the area.”，可知尽管在该领域取得了进步，但室内污染在过去几十年里一直保持“不变”，所以选D(constant)。
30. 根据“Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray...it as an ‘urgent call to action.’”，可知此处指健康指标与评估研究所所长Chris Murray将其“描述”为“紧急行动呼吁”，所以选G(described)。
31. 根据“One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little...”，可知过早死亡的风险因素之一是我们呼吸的空气，个人对此几乎无法“控制”，所以选E(control)。
32. 根据“where in some places lost-labor income...nearly 1% of GDP.”，可知在一些地方，劳动力收入损失“相当于”GDP的近1%，所以选H(equals)。
33. 根据“Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they...experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.”，可知在低收入和中等收入国家，大约有90%的人生活在“经常”经历危险水平的室外空气污染的地方，所以选K(regularly)。
34. 根据“But the problem is not limited...to the developing world.”，可知但这个问题并不“仅仅”局限于发展中国家，所以选I(exclusively)。
35. 根据“In many European countries, where diesel...have become more common in recent years”，可知在许多欧洲国家，近年来柴油“车辆”变得越来越普遍，所以选O(vehicles)。
